Uterine Fibroids: Understanding, Managing, and Treating a Common Women’s Health Issue

 “Up to 80% of women will develop uterine fibroids during their lifetime.” This staggering figure underscores just how common this condition is, yet so many still feel alone or confused when faced with a diagnosis. Let’s break down what you need to know about uterine fibroids-from symptoms to the latest treatment options-so you can take charge of your health with confidence.

What Are Uterine Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop in or on the uterus. They’re also called leiomyomas or myomas. These growths can range from the size of a pea to as large as a softball, and while some women may never notice them, others experience significant symptoms that disrupt daily life.

Who Gets Uterine Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids typically affect women during their reproductive years, and the risk increases with age. By the age of 50, up to 80% of women may have developed fibroids, with a higher prevalence among women of African descent. Many women are unaware they have them, as fibroids are often asymptomatic, especially when small.

Recognizing the Symptoms

The symptoms of uterine fibroids vary widely. Some women have no symptoms at all, while others may experience:

• Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding

• Periods lasting more than a week

• Pelvic pain or pressure

• Frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder

• Constipation

• Back or leg pain

• Pain during intercourse

• Abdominal bloating or swelling

• Difficulty becoming pregnant or recurrent miscarriages

Severe cases can lead to anemia due to heavy blood loss. It’s crucial to recognize that heavy menstrual bleeding is not “just part of being a woman”-it may signal a treatable problem.

How Are Uterine Fibroids Diagnosed?

Diagnosis usually begins with a pelvic exam, followed by imaging tests such as ultrasound. In some cases, MRI or hysteroscopy may be used to determine the size, number, and location of fibroids. Early detection is key to managing symptoms and preserving fertility options.

Treatment Options for Uterine Fibroids

There is no one-size-fits-all approach. The best treatment depends on your symptoms, the size and location of the fibroids, your age, and whether you wish to have children in the future.

Medical Management

• Hormonal therapy: Medications like low-dose birth control pills can help control heavy bleeding and pain.

• Non-hormonal options: Tranexamic acid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may reduce bleeding and discomfort.

• GnRH agonists: These drugs shrink fibroids temporarily, often used before surgery or for women nearing menopause.

Minimally Invasive Procedures

• Uterine artery embolization (UAE): Small particles are injected to block blood flow to the fibroid, causing it to shrink. This procedure is noninvasive, with a faster recovery time than surgery, and is performed by interventional radiologists.

• Hysteroscopic myomectomy: A scope is inserted through the vagina to remove fibroids inside the uterus, often as an outpatient procedure.

• Laparoscopic myomectomy: Fibroids are removed through small abdominal incisions, sometimes with robotic assistance, preserving fertility.

• Radiofrequency ablation: Heat is used to shrink fibroids, often performed laparoscopically.

Surgical Options

• Hysterectomy: Complete removal of the uterus. This is the only definitive cure for uterine fibroids and is generally reserved for women who have completed their families or have severe symptoms unresponsive to other treatments.

• Myomectomy: Surgical removal of fibroids while preserving the uterus, ideal for women who wish to maintain fertility.

Choosing the Right Treatment

A personalized approach is essential. Medical and minimally invasive treatments are generally preferred first, especially for women who want to preserve their uterus. Hysterectomy may be considered when other options fail or are unsuitable.

Collaboration between gynecologists, interventional radiologists, and primary care providers ensures the best outcomes. At the Vascular and Interventional Centre, we’re dedicated to offering the full spectrum of uterine fibroids care, from diagnosis to the latest minimally invasive therapies.

When to Seek Help

If you’re experiencing heavy periods, pelvic pain, or any of the symptoms discussed above, don’t wait. Early intervention can improve your quality of life and expand your treatment options. Remember, you’re not alone-help is available, and relief is possible.

Final Thoughts

Uterine fibroids are incredibly common, but their impact can be anything but ordinary. With modern medicine, a range of effective treatments, and a team of dedicated specialists, you can reclaim your health and well-being. For more information on uterine fibroids, including the latest treatment options, visit the Vascular and Interventional Centre.

Take the first step-knowledge is power, and you deserve to feel your best!