Understanding Aortic Aneurysm: What You Need to Know

 “Aortic aneurysms are often called ‘silent killers’-they can grow unnoticed for years before causing any symptoms, and when they rupture, the consequences are often catastrophic.”

Let’s dive deep into the world of aortic aneurysms, arming you with the knowledge to recognize, monitor, and take action against this potentially life-threatening condition. As specialists at vascular and interventional centre, we believe in empowering you with clear, actionable information-because your vascular health matters.

What Is an Aortic Aneurysm?

An aortic aneurysm is a bulge or swelling in the wall of the aorta, the body’s largest artery. The aorta carries oxygen-rich blood from your heart to the rest of your body, so any weakness in its wall is a serious concern. Over time, the pressure of blood flow can cause this weakened area to balloon outward. If left untreated, the aneurysm can rupture, leading to life-threatening internal bleeding.

Types of Aortic Aneurysm

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)

  • Develops in the part of the aorta that passes through the abdomen.

  • Often silent, but sometimes causes deep back or abdominal pain, or a pulsing sensation in the belly.

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA)

  • Occurs in the chest portion of the aorta.

  • May cause chest or upper back pain, coughing, hoarseness, or difficulty breathing.

Who Is at Risk?

Aortic aneurysms don’t discriminate, but certain factors increase your risk:

  • Age (more common in those over 65)

  • Smoking or history of tobacco use

  • High blood pressure

  • Family history of aneurysms

  • Genetic conditions like Marfan syndrome

If you fall into any of these categories, proactive screening and regular check-ups are crucial.

Symptoms: The Silent Threat

Most aortic aneurysms develop slowly and without symptoms. That’s why they’re so dangerous! When symptoms do appear, they may include:

  • Deep, persistent pain in the chest, back, abdomen, or groin

  • Pulsating feeling near the navel (for AAA)

  • Shortness of breath, hoarseness, or cough (for TAA)

  • Sudden, severe pain if the aneurysm ruptures-this is a medical emergency

If you ever experience sudden, intense pain in your chest, back, or abdomen, seek emergency care immediately.

Diagnosis: How Are Aortic Aneurysms Found?

Because they’re often symptomless, aortic aneurysms are frequently discovered by chance during imaging tests for other conditions. If your doctor suspects an aneurysm, they may order:

  • Ultrasound (especially for AAA)

  • CT scan or MRI for precise measurement

  • Echocardiogram for thoracic aneurysms

Early detection is your best defense.

Management and Treatment

Monitoring

Small, slow-growing aneurysms may only need regular imaging to track changes. Your doctor will recommend a schedule based on the aneurysm’s size and your risk factors.

Medication

Blood pressure and cholesterol-lowering medications can help reduce the risk of growth and rupture. Lifestyle changes-quitting smoking, eating healthily, and regular exercise-are also vital.

Surgical Intervention

Surgery is considered if:

  • The aneurysm is larger than 5.0 centimeters

  • It’s growing rapidly

  • You’re experiencing pain or signs of rupture

There are two main surgical options:

  • Open surgical repair: The damaged section of the aorta is replaced with a synthetic graft.

  • Endovascular repair (EVAR/TEVAR): A minimally invasive procedure using a stent graft delivered via small incisions in the groin.

Prevention: Take Action Today

You can’t change your age or genetics, but you can:

  • Stop smoking

  • Control your blood pressure and cholesterol

  • Maintain a healthy weight

  • Get screened if you have risk factors or a family history

Final Thoughts

Aortic aneurysm is a condition that demands respect-and awareness. With regular monitoring, lifestyle changes, and timely intervention, the risks can be managed. If you’re concerned about your risk or have a family history, don’t wait. Contact the vascular and interventional centre to discuss screening and personalized care.

Your aorta is your body’s lifeline. Let’s keep it strong, together!

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